Water scarcity refers to the lack of sufficient water resources to meet the needs of a population or region. It is a critical global issue that is exacerbated by factors such as population growth, climate change, pollution, and unsustainable water management practices. Water scarcity can lead to a variety of negative impacts, including reduced access to clean drinking water, agricultural and economic challenges, and environmental degradation. Researchers in this area study the causes and consequences of water scarcity, identify strategies for sustainable water management, and develop technologies to improve water efficiency and availability. Ultimately, the goal of research in this field is to ensure equitable access to clean water for all people while protecting the long-term health of water resources.